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1.
J Postgrad Med ; 2002 Jan-Mar; 48(1): 64-70
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-116858

ABSTRACT

Postoperative acute renal failure (PO-ARF) is a serious complication resulting in a prolonged stay and high mortality. Patients may be at risk for this problem because of an underlying medical illness, nature of surgery, nephrotoxin exposure, or combinations of these factors. An increase in the intra abdominal pressure above 20-mm Hg is associated with an increase in the incidence of PO-ARF. Based on many clinical studies in high-risk surgical patients and patients undergoing renal transplantation, the only proven management strategies for prevention of PO-ARF are adequate volume expansion and avoidance of hypovolaemia. Drugs known to be nephrotoxic should be avoided or used with caution. Three main pharmacological agents namely mannitol, frusemide and dopamine have been extensively tried in the prevention of PO-ARF. Mannitol has proven of value only in the presence of adequate volume expansion in attenuating renal dysfunction in transplant patients. Frusemide converts oliguric renal failure to non-oliguric renal failure. The bulk of the data, including that from prospective studies indicate dopamine is only a diuretic. Fenoldopam, a dopamine analogue, has shown early promise in reports. Calcium channel blockers have not been shown to improve the outcome in renal transplantation or help in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. Atrial natriuretic peptide has not been proven to be of benefit in established renal failure and its role in prevention has not been assessed.


Subject(s)
Atrial Natriuretic Factor/therapeutic use , Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Dopamine/therapeutic use , Fluid Therapy/methods , Humans , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Risk Factors
3.
Acta méd. domin ; 11(6): 224-8, nov.-dic. 1989. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-80300

ABSTRACT

Recientemente se ha demostrado en la células de Purkinje del sistema de conducción intraventricular cardiaco, la presencia del Péptido Natriurético Atrial (PNA), así como receptores y m RNA para el mismo, lo que sugiere una función autocrina para esta hormona y una posible función moduladora del impulso a través de este sistema. El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar si el PNA tenía un potencial terapéutico sobre las arritmias cardiacas, utilizandose Acepromazina como sustancia arritmogénica. Para tal fin se administró PNA, en la forma electrocardiográfico (ECG) de la rata, que esta hormona tiene un efecto preventivo y supresivo. Estos hallazgos sugieren un efecto modular del PNA sobre la conducción y/o automatismo cardiaco, y por ende, un potencial terapéutico antiarritmico para esta hormona


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/therapeutic use , Acepromazine/adverse effects , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/pharmacology , Electrocardiography , Rats, Inbred Strains
4.
CCS ; 10(3/4): 283-6, jul.-dez. 1988.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-116450

ABSTRACT

O autor faz uma revisao acerca do peptideo natriuretico atrial(PNA), o qual se trata de um hormonio recentemente descoberto e que e elaborado no coracao(principalmente no atrio direito). O PNA parece agir de maneira efetiva no controle dos niveis de aldosterona, bem como promovendo diurese,natriurese, vasodilatacao e aumentando o debito cardiaco. O PNA e em potencial um grande agente terapeutico no tratamento da insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva, hipertensao essencial, cirrose hepatica e colapso renal traumatico, tudo isso sem os efeitos colaterais das doencas atualmente utilizadas. Os principais obstaculos a utilizacao clinica corrente do PNA sao a sua evanescencia de acao e o fato de que este e inativo por via oral


Subject(s)
Humans , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/physiology , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/pharmacology , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/therapeutic use
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